This short course will use Surgical Pathology and Hematopathology case examples to illustrate inherited, infectious, identity, and oncology applications of molecular testing. The added value of molecular tests will be discussed in terms of facilitating diagnosis, predicting natural history of the disease, and predicting response to therapy. We will recommend algorithms for workup and reporting of molecular tests in these Surgical Pathology and Hematopathology cases. The audience for this Short Course is practicing Anatomic and Molecular Genetic Pathologists, as well as trainees in AP and/or CP. At the end of this Short Course, registrants should understand the scientific basis for selected, commonly available molecular tests, and should be able to use these tests to complement morphologic diagnosis and morphologic prediction of clinical outcomes. A CD-ROM containing virtual histologic sections and molecular data related to the unknown cases will be sent out prior to the meeting, and a syllabus with powerpoint presentations will be provided at the meeting.